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U.S. Outlines 'NATO 3.0,' Calling on Europe to Lead Conventional Defense

Colby casts the shift as a return to burden-sharing that puts recent spending vows to work.

Overview

  • Speaking at the NATO Defense Ministerial in Brussels, Pentagon policy chief Elbridge Colby said the post–Cold War model no longer fits a world of revived power politics.
  • He stated the United States will keep its extended nuclear deterrent but provide conventional forces in a more limited, focused role as European allies take primary responsibility.
  • Colby linked the approach to U.S. priorities at home and in the Indo-Pacific and warned allies to plan for potential pressure across multiple theaters.
  • He urged conversion of higher outlays pledged at The Hague—3.5% of GDP for core defense and up to 5% overall—into ready units, munitions, resilient logistics and integrated command.
  • Rejecting claims of a retreat, he described NATO as a partnership rather than a dependency and said credibility depends on shared roles and deliverable capability.