Overview
- On June 29, Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi issued a fatwa declaring Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu ‘enemies of God’ and urging global Muslims to treat them as mohareb.
- The decree invokes Iran’s Islamic Penal Code, under which mohareb may face execution, crucifixion, amputation of limbs, or exile.
- Makarem’s fatwa bans any cooperation with the two leaders and promises spiritual rewards as mujahid fi sabilillah for those who endure hardship in upholding the decree.
- A second fatwa attributed to Grand Ayatollah Noori Hamedani calling for Trump’s murder has been reported by former operative Lev Parnas but remains uncorroborated.
- Observers such as Niyak Ghorbani condemn the edicts as state-endorsed incitement to terrorism, warning they could fuel further regional and global violence.